The research team of the source exploration project believes that around 5,800 years ago, there were signs of civilization origin in areas such as the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Xiliao River. On the morning of the 28th, the State Information Office held a press conference to announce the research results of the “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project”. The source exploration research has empirized the 5,000-year civilization of the land of China through large-scale archaeological research conducted on many sites and rich archaeological data.
In 2001, the archaeological evidence was formally proposed to 5,000 years of civilization
The “Comprehensive Research on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization” project, referred to as the “Chinese Civilization Origin Exploration Project”, was officially proposed in 2001. During this period, large-scale archaeological excavations were carried out on many sites such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shimao, Shaanxi, and emptied the 5,000 years of civilization in China with rich archaeological data.
Guan Qiang, Deputy Director of the State Administration of Cultural Heritage: The research team of the Exploration Project believes that around 5,800 years ago, there were signs of civilization origin in areas such as the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the West Liao River. Since 5,300 years ago, various regions in China have gradually entered the civilization stage; around 3,800 years ago, the Central Plains region has formed a more mature form of civilization, radiating cultural influence to all directions, becoming the core and leader of the overall process of Chinese civilization.
The formation of a diversified and integrated pattern has achieved overall understanding
Another major achievement achieved by the Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project is to have a general understanding of the formation of a diversified and integrated pattern of Chinese civilization, and to demonstrate the overall characteristics of Chinese civilization’s “diversity, inclusiveness, and continuousness”.
Guan Qiang: Research shows that the local societies behind the diverse and integrated cultural phenomenon also have various differences in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness in their respective environmental foundations, economic content, social operation mechanisms, religion and social consciousness, presenting a diverse pattern, and promoting each other in long-term communication and interaction, learning from each other’s strengths and weaknesses, and inclusiveness, and finally converging the core of civilization represented by Erlitou culture, opening up the civilization of the Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. The origin and early development of Chinese civilization are a process of diversity and integration.
Chinese civilization itself develops and widely absorbs foreign civilizations
In terms of the influence of foreign civilizations, Exploration Research believes that Chinese civilization has widely absorbed the influence of foreign civilizations in its own development. For example, wheat cultivation technology originating from West Asia, Central Asia and other regions, feeding of domestic animals such as scalpers and sheep, and bronze smelting technology have gradually been integrated into Chinese civilization and have been transformed to create a new look.
Looking for the beginning of China and writing the “family genealogy” for five thousand years
The “Chinese Civilization Source Exploration Project” is another major scientific research project supported by the state to study Chinese history and ancient culture after the “Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties Project”. Since its formal proposal in 2001, four stages of research have been implemented, and the “China” before China has gradually become clear.
Focus on urban ruins. At that time, early countries had already begun to explore the source research, focusing on several urban ruins such as Liangzhu, Zhejiang, Taosi, Shanxi, and Shimao, Shaanxi.
A inner city built about 5,000 years ago, 1,800 meters long, 1,500 meters wide, nearly 3 million square meters, and an outer city with an area of 8 million square meters were discovered at the Liangzhu site in Zhejiang Province. In order to prevent flood damage, a large dam with a length of 3.5 kilometers, a width of more than ten meters and a height of several meters was built. Its engineering volume is second to none among the buildings of the same period in the world.
The Taosi site in Shanxi Province also discovered a giant city site built 4,300 years ago. The 2.8 million square meters of city already have strict functional partitions such as palace areas, handicraft workshop areas, general residential areas and tomb areas.
Shaanxi CinemaThe total area of the ancient city of Shimao has reached 4 million square meters. Then it consists of the Imperial City, the Inner City and KomiksThe outer city is composed of stones built on hills. The walls of the imperial city are as high as 9 meters, and the gates of the outer city are majestic and tall castles.
One of the heads of the implementation group of the Cinema Research Project of the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization Wang Wei: Early civilizations have begun to appear in all regions, and its symbol is the emergence of royal power, large city sites, high-level buildings, so-called palaces, and high-level tombs. These points are important symbols for judging civilization. In the end, it is the emergence of the country. The emergence of the country will have some material manifestations, such as large city sites and large projects.
Looking at the beginning of China The ancient times exceeded the millennium
Exploring the origin research found that Chinese civilization is actually a huge clump of civilizations scattered in the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Xiliao River Basins, and its size is far greater than that of several other ancient civilizations in the world. From about 5,800 years ago, prehistoric society in the Yellow River Basin, the Yangtze River Basin and the Xiliao River area began to accelerate its development towards complexity.
From it on the origin of Chinese civilization, about 3,800 years ago, and for more than a thousand years, there are many statements about “all nations in the world” in literature. Research on origins calls this stage the “Ancient Kingdom Era” and believes that it is the first major stage of the early development of Chinese civilization.
Dives and Integration: Founded by the three generations, the foundation of the three generations has become a historical trendKomiks In the past thousand years, local civilizations have their own evolutionary methods and characteristics, one after another, one after another, one after another, and one after another, and one after another to make up for the weaknesses of each other, gradually showing the trend of “integration”, converging into a torrent of Chinese civilization, and in the late ancient times, Erlitou, HenanThe Central Plains region represented by it absorbs a large number of foreign advanced cultural factors, and at the same time begins to radiate its powerful influence to the outside world, presenting an unprecedented dynasty atmosphere.
This process is called “the diversity and unity of Chinese civilization” in the research on origins. As a historical trend, it laid the foundation for the “three generations of civilizations” in the future of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties, and also became the distant cause and source of the formation of multiple nation-states.
Wang WeiKomiks: We are all familiar with the five thousand-year-old civilization in China, but in fact, how much historical basis is there, whether it is true or mythical legend, is a very important issue for the Chinese nation. Our research has confirmed the civilizations over 5,000 years ago through archaeological discoveries and multidisciplinary combinations, which is also an important contribution to the research of world civilization.
Lingjiatan Ruins A “minimation” of the diverse and integrated civilization
Among the many sites that explore the origin and study, the Lingjiatan Ruins in Anhui were relatively early in the era. More than 5,000 years ago, Chinese civilization underwent major changes. Lingjiatan is located at one of the earliest nodes. Its jade making technology reached its peak at that time. A wide trench more than 2,000 meters long divided the living area and the tomb area, reflecting the “planning wisdom” of the ancestors.
The Lingjiatan site is located in Lingjiatan Natural Village, Tongzha Town, Hanshan County, Anhui Province. Since its excavation in 1987, a large number of exquisite jade, stone, pottery and other cultural relics have been unearthed, among which the jade is particularly prominent: a jade dragon unearthed is basically similar to the jade dragon after the Han Dynasty; The six jade men have serious facial expressions and their hands are solemnly raised, as if they are praying; so far, a jade eagle unearthed from the site is also the only one in the country, with two sides carved, the front and back sides exactly the same, and the production process is very superb; these jade artifacts express the worship of gods, witches and totems of ancient ancestors.
Cinema More than 30 axes have been found, and one of the tombs of jade and stone axes has been unearthed.Komiks is also placed very specially, located on the chest or face of the human body. Experts say that the axe is usually related to military power or royal power.
Lingjiatanzi Project Head of the Comprehensive Research Project on the Origin and Early Development of Chinese Civilization Shuozhi: The craftsmanship of Lingjiatan Jade has reached its highest peak at that time, and may be at the development of Chinese jade culture. href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Babaylan‘s innovation period, so it has a lot of quantity and variety, unlike Liangzhu jade cong and wall. The emergence of this highest peak is not for no reason, and there will definitely be huge changes in social organization.
Archaeologists believe that making jade artifacts with superb craftsmanship requires a group of specialized jade workers who are separated from agricultural labor, similar to handicrafts that are separated from agriculture, reflecting the major changes in society at that time. In recent years, archaeologists have used the 1.4 million square meters of LingjiaCinema Beach ruins are in-depth excavation and research. A trench more than 2,000 meters long is increasingly present in the eyes of today’s people, reflecting the “planning wisdom” that the ancestors of Lingjiatan had more than 5,300 years ago.
Shuozhi: It is twenty or thirty meters wide, and the deepest place can reach six or seven meters. Such a large project requires considerable organizational ability to coordinate. It also has a more important role. The aristocratic cemetery is outside the trench. Inside this trench is where people live at that time, which separates the living areas of people at that time from the tombs. href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Babaylan is here.
Archaeological experts introduced that the heyday of Lingjiatan site was between 55 and 5300 years ago. Before this, it was not conspicuous and was small settlements with more than 20 sites currently known. Since then, these settlements have slowed down.Lingjiatan, which slowly disappeared or declined and was relatively centrally located, eventually evolved into the largest and most developed regional center of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River at that time.
Shuozhi: It’s a bit like urbanization, everyone is gathered in a large center. In view of this change in a small area, it is a process from division to concentration, from diversity to integration. This seems to be the same in the formation of our entire Chinese civilization.
Source｜CCTV News
Editor｜Fan Meiling