Talking about the heavens and the earth, explaining the news, explaining the flowers and the words and interesting stories
Original text of Yangcheng School/Xia Yang
Recently, French scientists published an article in the magazine “Earth Biology” saying that fossils of giant panda teeth from 10 million years ago were found in Hungary, and therefore believed that giant pandas originated in Europe.
Screenshot of the website report of “New Scientist” Photo/Observer Network
This statement surprised many Chinese people! What? Did China’s “national treasure” come from Europe? impossible! Don’t believe it! Didn’t China also discover giant panda teeth fossils from 8 million years ago? It’s just that they are not early. Maybe we have earlier evidence yet? (For more news, please follow Yangchengpai pai.ycwb.com)
Giant panda is China’s “national treasure”. Data picture
”Discover” giant panda
”National treasure” giant panda is famous in the animal world. Not only in China, but all over the world, it is a symbol of the World Fund for Nature. Wherever it goes, men, women, young and old want to see its charm.
World World Fund for Nature is the giant panda
Do you know? As a “living fossil”, it has not been long since it has entered the vision of modern people with its image; the term “giant panda” has not been long.
The story starts from modern times. After the Opium War, China’s doors opened and Western missionaries came to mainland China. There was a Frenchman named Armand David preaching in Baoxing, Sichuan. Here are mountains overlapping and biological resources are abundant.
David himself is a naturalist, and there is a huge opportunity waiting for him here. In the spring of 1869, David passed by a farmer’s house and found it on the wallThere is a black and white animal skin hanging. He had never seen such a strange animal.
A panda statue in Baoxing County, Sichuan Photo/Xinhuanet
He found out that the locals called this animal “flower bear”, “white bear”, “bamboo bear”, etc. David was excited and realized that this might be a newly discovered species. He hired 20 local hunters to launch a search, hoping to find a sample. Ten days later, the hunter sent a little flower bear, but unfortunately he was dead.
David did not give up and continued to hire someone to search for it, and soon caught another Cinema. He was so excited that he wanted to bring it back to France. However, pandas cannot withstand the bumps of the road and climate change, and they die if they are not transported to Chengdu. David was deeply regretful and sent the specimens and bones to the National Museum of France for exhibition.
This is the first time that giant pandas have entered the vision of Westerners!
The giant panda “goes to the world” for a short time. Data picture
The Chinese name was “misread”
French professionals believe that this animal that looks like a cat and a bear is neither a cat nor a bear, but another big bear similar to the little cat bear found in Tibet in China, so they named it “Big Cat Bear”.
But this name only appeared in Latin at that time, and the modern Chinese name only appeared many years later.
The relationship between “little panda” and “giant panda” is not close. Data picture
Speaking of this, we have to add it first: the study found that although the outside world and modern people believe that this is the first time that giant pandas are discovered, this animal has been recorded in ancient Chinese books, but there were other names at that time, and the names were different. For example, the Book of Documents calls it “Pi”, Cinema “Shan Hai Jing” calls it “Iron-eating beast”, “Mao Shi” calls it “Bai Feng”, “Emei Mountain Zhi” calls it “Pi Xiu”, “Beast Sutra” calls it “Cho”, and Li Shizhen “Compendium of Materia Medica” calls it “Tapir”…
The Classic of Mountains and Seas depicts many strange animals
The tomb of Empress Dowager Bo from Nanling, Western Han Dynasty, located in Xi’an, was also unearthed from the mandibles of giant pandas 2,100 years ago. Sima Xiangru, who described the royal garden scene during this period, just confirmed it. The article mentions “tapir”, which is the name of panda when Cinema.
The mandible bone of giant panda unearthed from Nanling, Western Han Dynasty Data picture
When David discovered giant pandas, he only knew the popular name of the locals, but did not know the literary name. In 1939, 70 years after David introduced giant pandas to the Western world, a live specimens exhibition was held in Chongqing. The signs were in international writing format, with Chinese and Latin, written from left to right. However, the Chinese people’s reading habits at that time were still read from right to left, so visitors read “cat bear” on the sign as “panda”.
The Chinese are used to calling it “giant panda”. Data picture
The Chinese native animal “Flower Bear” has been named in Chinese for the first time in line with the international community, but it was misread. href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Komiks. And after it was widely circulated, people have become accustomed to calling it “giant panda”. A Taiwanese media once published an article to correct its name, but never stubbornly stubbornly.
——Isn’t it just a popular name, it’s called love, why bother to change it!
So “cat” has always been called “giant panda” in mainland China!
The giant panda as the image mark of the Beijing Asian Games Data picture
Komiks Western poaching craze
According to David, giant pandas, a strange-looking, docile-minded and mysterious Oriental animal, has made Westerners crazy. Many zoos, museums and researchers have dreamed of getting giant pandas.
Curiosity and interests are always the strongest driving force. For a long time, Western explorers were keen to sneak into mountainous areas in mainland China to hunt giant pandas. Their goal was living giant pandas, but specimens were also purchased and then transported back to the West.
It once became the prey of Western explorers Data picture
This includes the two sons of former US President Roosevelt. The two brothers found nothing in Baoxing County, Sichuan. After entering Daliang Mountain, they finally shot and hunted a giant panda and made a specimen and transported it back to the United States.
Four years later, many Western national museums had panda specimens. But they never successfully transported a living giant panda.
Westerns have always wanted to get living giant pandas Data picture
This situation was not broken until 1936. Ruth, a 35-year-old female designer in New York, was newly married. Her husband William was an avid explorer. Two weeks after getting married, William embarked on the road to China for giant pandas, but died of illness when he arrived in Shanghai. Ruth decided to follow her husband’s footsteps, and went through Chengdu to Wenchuan, setting up traps in the deep mountains and forests to hunt giant pandas. With the help of a Chinese American, they caught a furry young giant panda from a tree hole in November of that year, and Ruth was ecstatic.
Rus put the giant panda in a willow box and registered in Shanghai CustomsKomiks left the message “carry a pug with you” and then scrambled out of customs and boarded a steamer to the United States.
She brought the first live panda to the United States Data picture
The first giant panda in world history is about to land in the United States, which caused a great sensation in the West. It was Christmas and Americans held a grand welcome ceremony on the San Francisco Pier. Since then, the giant panda has been exhibited everywhere, and there is a sensation everywhere.
Five or six years later, the United States and Britain each stole nine giant pandas from China. In modern China, where wars are raging, giant pandas are so missed by Westerners. This is another kind of pain for the Chinese people!
It only survived for a year after it arrived in the United States Data picture
The baby is so “tangled”
There are many mysteries and contradictions in the “living fossil” giant panda. BabaylanFor example, although it is clearly a “carnivorous” animal, it eats bamboo every day; if it is said that it loves to eat vegetarian food, but does not have the complex stomach and huge cecum of herbivorous animals, nor does it have the symbiotic bacteria and ciliate in the stomach that can ferment cellulose into nutrientsCinema.
The Creator is really “worrying” after evolving into this! It is not easy to survive until today!
is a miracle of evolution and a weirdo. Data picture
The only habitat of giant pandas is a high mountain valley in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River in China. This range spans 45 counties in Sichuan, Shanxi and Gansu provinces. The number of wild populations is about 1,600, and more than 80% are distributed inIn Sichuan.
Distribution of giant panda population in my country Data map
There are more than 50 plants in the wild giant panda recipes, and bamboo accounts for only half of the species, but 99% of the number.
As a carnivore, its digestive tract is as short as other carnivores. This means that the bamboo it eats must be discharged as soon as possible to make room for more food so that it can intake enough nutrients under extensive absorption.
The giant panda eats all day. Data picture
In addition, bamboo itself is difficult to digest and has low nutritional content. In order to “fille your stomach”, it can only eat all day and eats half of the day. At the same time, in order to reduce consumption, I have to sleep all day, and I spend almost the rest of my time!
It can fall asleep while sitting like this. Data picture
Of course, after all, in the “carnivorous meditation”, it also has the side of wanting to eat meat in its nature. Bamboo rat is one of its delicacies. Although giant pandas are slow to move, they have a way to catch bamboo rats. It found the rat hole based on the smell, blew vigorously inward, and slapped the ground with its front paws. When the bamboo rat was frightened and fled, it pounced on it and let it die. If the bamboo rat is unmoved, it will dig the soil and search the house until it catches it.
Of course, catching bamboo rats is just an occasional thing. In its opinion, it is not cost-effective to spend so much effort. If you want to fill your stomach, you have to rely on bamboos you can use everywhere.
A giant panda once attacked the peacock in Wuhan. Data picture
It’s hard to imagine that with such entangled physiological characteristics, the giant panda became “Living fossils. Paleobiological data show that in the late Miocene period 8 million years ago, pandas lived in Lufeng and Yuanmou regions in Yunnan. It has been the time of the saber-toothed elephant to survive!
Of course, perhaps it was the giant pandas that kept adjusting themselves during the evolution process that they survived; it was precisely because of the continuous adjustment that their physiological characteristics are so strange today!
The giant pandas have continued from the saber-toothed elephant to this day Photo/@回官网
Super cute and cute
The fame of giant pandas is probably not simply explained by “scarcity is precious”. After all, there are more animals in the world than it. Which one has its star treatment? It should be said that the key is that it is full of charm!
The charm of giant pandas lies in their appearance.
The chubby body, round face, dense and soft fur, and distinct black and white color scheme. This is not the qualification of a cute pet! Especially the distribution of black and white is by no means random, with dark circles, black ears, black legs and feet, and other parts are clearly bounded and all white. This accurate color scheme is really amazing!
It has a beautiful color matching with black and white. Data picture
The second is temperament.
Babaylan The giant panda walks inside the eight characters, shaking, stupidKomiks is very cute. Its temperament is always low-key and gentle. Except for being aggressive in the estrus and nurturing periods, it usually keeps its eyes silent, only cares about eating and sleeping, and rarely provokes others.
The giant panda sleeps half the time Data picture
Sometimes when they encounter similar or other animals on the way foraging, they will take the initiative to give way, and even climb on the trees to avoid them. It is rare to be so “gentle” by nature!
Although they are obese, they have the ability to climb trees easily. Data picture
They sleep in a more cute way, lying flat, lying on their side, lying prone, stretching, or curling up in a ball, and you can fall asleep in any position. Sometimes you go to bed while eating. When you sleep, you often use your obese “bear paw” to cover your eyes…
Cute and shy cover one eye Data picture
Third, the big Babaylanpandas have naughty and playful sides.
Wild giant pandas sometimes go down to the valley, enter the village human residence, use round utensils such as buckets and basins as toys, and abandon them after playing. Sometimes they break into sheep pens and pigpens, eat and live with them!
The giant panda has a naughty and playful side. Data picture
The mystery of origin is to be solved
After understanding of this magical life, let’s return to the controversial topic: How to solve the mystery of the origin of giant pandas?
Looking back at the research on the paleontology of the origin of giant pandas, the academic community’s understanding has been twists and turns. 1942Cinema, a fossil of a panda’s teeth was found in Hungary. This ancient creature lived 70 million years ago. At that time, the academic community believed that Chinese pandas should be descendants of this ancient panda, so there was a saying that “Chinese European species”. For a long time, although Chinese scholars did not agree, there was no evidence to refute it.
The discovery of giant panda teeth fossils. Data map
At the 1980s, ancient panda fossils were discovered in the strata of 8 million years ago in Lufeng Basin and Yuanmou Basin in Yunnan, China. This attack has effectively responded to the statements of Western scholars, proving that giant pandas are href=”https://comicmov.com/”>Cinema is a authentic Chinese species.
So, there is no dispute over the origin of giant pandas for a long time.
Ancient panda bone fossils discovered in Yunnan Data map
And now<a On October 27, Cinema, the website of the internationally renowned journal New Scientist published a report saying that Canadian paleoanthropologists found another group of paleobiological teeth fossils 10 million years ago in Hungary, which were identified as ancient giant panda teeth by French scientists. The conclusion of French scholars was published in the journal Earth Biology.
In the report of New Scientist Babaylan also mentioned that in 2012, scientists also discovered ancient giants 11.6 million years ago in Spain. href=”https://comicmov.com/”>BabaylanThe fossils of panda teeth. This also provides evidence for the claim that the giant panda ancestors originated in Europe and later moved to Asia.
Restoration of panda relatives discovered in Spain Data map
Western scholars have also proved the possibility that giant panda ancestors moved from Europe to Asia from the perspective of climate change. They believe that 500Ten thousand years ago, Europe’s climate was humid and warm, and Hungary had dense subtropical forests. But after that, the forests of climate change disappeared, the ancestors of giant pandas left in Europe became extinct, and those who moved to Asia survived.
Of course, academic cognition will change, and perhaps new evidence will be released tomorrow, and the conclusion will change. We can also assume that in ancient times, close relatives of pandas existed in Asia, Europe or more places, but later, the rest of the world became extinct, and only China has continued to this day. However, our hypothesis lacks evidence.
It is still unclear where it originated. Data picture
The dispute over the origin is still uncertain, but it will not change the reality that giant pandas are China’s “specialty”. This is glory, and it is also responsibility. The increasingly powerful China should protect this national treasure-level “living fossil”, protect this cute elf that is envied by foreigners, and let it stay in this beautiful planet with mankind forever in harmony with mankind!
We are responsible for protecting animals. Data map
The giant pandas today are the messengers of world peace. Data map
Source｜Yangchengpai
Column host｜Xia Yang
Editor｜Wei Liyuan